List of Content
Back to Listing
| Title | Abstract | Action(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Perpetration and the question of moral responsibility : A Reading of Selected Petite Memoirs from Kashmir | Title: Perpetration and the Question of Moral Responsibility: A Reading of Selected Petite Memoirs from Kashmir The State of Jammu and Kashmir has been seeking peace since 1947. Multiple attempts have been made to bring settlement in the region but none has been successful so far. In the present study, I analyze selected petite memoirs from the three anthologies: Of Occupation and Resistance: Writings From Kashmir (2013) by Fahad Shah, Until My Freedom Has Come: The New Intifada in Kashmir (2011) by Sanjay Kak, and Of Gardens and Graves: Kashmir, Poetry, Politics (2017) by Suvir Kaul undertaken in this study, from the theoretical lenses of perpetrator studies and civil resistance. The study traces the prominent perpetrators responsible for the devastated state of Jammu and Kashmir. The petite memoirs are mostly lived experiences of people from Kashmir. The petite memoirs are a challenge to the grand narratives of its perpetrators that have been constructed globally. The study aims at discovering the various strategies of violence perpetrated by the perpetrators of Jammu and Kashmir and how it has instilled resistance in the people of Kashmir. The study unravels that the people of Kashmir are in an open prison where all aspects of their lives are under military siege. Torture, curfews, gunshots, forced disappearances, and detention are the order of the day. The protracted violence and heavy militarization have turned people into writers, poets, artists, and stone-throwers. The people of Kashmir employ all possible means to get freedom from their nominal democratic ruler. The research reaches the conclusion that the lives and territory of Jammu and Kashmir are forcibly occupied by its ruler who is perpetrating to gain the territory by terrorizing its inhabitants. The people of Jammu and Kashmir strongly deny their occupiers and yearn for freedom |
|
| The role of english and translanguagin: An Analysis of Pakistani CFL Classroom | Title: The Role of English in Translanguaging: An Analysis of Pakistani CFL Classroom The present study explores the role of English in Translanguaging in Chinese Foreign Language classrooms in Pakistan. CFL classroom is a typical translanguaging group, where the Chinese teachers and the Pakistani students communicate with one another in the target language-Chineseand the medium language-English by utilizing all their linguistic repertoires to achieve the pedagogical goals. This research detects the varied factors that affect Chinese teachers’ and Pakistani students’ attitudes toward using English in CFL classrooms. The internal factors include teachers' perceptions of L1 and L2 learning, teachers' English proficiency, worry about over-relying on English in the learning of Chinese, students' Chinese language proficiency, and the course content itself, whereas the external factor is mainly from the educational body. Regarding the types of translanguaging used in CFL classrooms, the researcher has applied the pre-described themes in data analysis including interpretative function, managerial function and interactive function. The researcher has incorporated a mixed method design in methodology; semi-structured interviews, classroom observations and questionnaires are used as the data collection tools. The qualitative data addresses the research questions from the Chinese teachers’ perspective, whereas the quantitative data answers the research questions fromthe Pakistani students’ perspective. The findings reveal that both the Chinese teachers and the Pakistani students believe that overall English plays a positive role in Pakistani CFL classrooms. However, there is certain complexity in using English as the medium of instruction in Pakistani CFL classrooms; its interpretative function is the primary one among all the three translanguaging functions, interpretative, managerial and interactive function in foreign language classrooms. The study contributes globally and the findings may be incorporated into the pedagogical schemes of CFL teaching in Pakistan. |
|
| "All Myths, all Lies",: Hegemonic Masculinity and gender politics in selected fiction of muhammad Hanif | This research attempts to explore the relationship between normative masculinities and the violence against women, minorities, and other marginalized subjectivities in Pakistan. My project is based on the premise that patriarchal domination begins among men by creating an internal hierarchy, as identified by R.W. Connell, which controls the subordinated and marginalized men by defining an idealized exemplar of masculinity and marginalizes women and femininity as the negative other. In Hanif’s writings, we come across various characters that occupy positions of power and privilege by legitimating hegemonic ideals, as well as those who face abjection and violence for not conforming to these ideals. This thesis is thus a feminist study of Pakistani hegemonic masculinity and its socio-cultural, political, and historical dynamics in relation to violence against women and other marginalized subjectivities powerfully represented in Mohammed Hanif’s A Case of Exploding Mangoes (2008), Our Lady of Alice Bhatti (2011) and Red Birds (2018). I approach Hanif’s writings with theoretical underpinnings from a range of global scholarship on masculinities studies and feminism to identify the narratives that idealize hegemonic masculinity and their many implications, transitions and internal contradictions for a viable and effective feminist struggle in South Asia, and particularly in Pakistan. |
|
| Metaphorical and Conversational Code- Switching as Narrative Techniques in Pakistani Short Stories | Title: Metaphorical and Conversational Code-Switching as Narrative Techniques in Pakistani Short Stories. The present study attempts to identify the various patterns of code-switching employed as narrative techniques in the selected Pakistani short stories written by Usmani and Akhtar respectively. Both the writers make use of the linguistic forms in an innovative way. Code-switching is basically considered to be a sociolinguistic phenomenon whereby the bilingual and multilingual speakers interact with each other. However, this research work examines this sociolinguistic phenomenon from a different angle as the focus shifts from sociolinguistics to narratology. The writers employ metaphorical and conversational code-switching patterns for constructing and developing the thematic structure of the narratives. Monika Fludernik's theory of Natural Narratives (2002) has been applied to the selected texts. This theory operates at four levels. Only the first two levels relate to this research work. Level one refers to the pre-understanding of the world on the basis of the initial cognitive frames of experiencing. Level two focuses on the construction of the narrative by the reader. So, narrativity is basically experientiality for evoking real-life experiences. Textual analysis has been used for the in-depth analysis of the code-switching patterns. The writers have deployed code-switching patterns as narrative techniques to fill the linguistic gaps, construct a different society and portray a dynamic culture. These patterns enable the readers to experience and enjoy the day-to-day matters related to Pakistani society. Basically, these narrative techniques increase the readability of the narratives. So, the research study is insightful as it brings to fore the significant role of the code-switching patterns in the selected narratives |
|