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Title غیر مسلم شہریوں سے متعلق شرعی احکام: عصری تعبیرات کا تجزیاتی مطالعہ

Author(s) Muhammad Rehan Khan

Abstract In Islamic discourse, non-Muslim minorities who are citizens of an Islamic state are referred to as Ahl-Al-Dhimma. Islamic jurisprudence has historically provided specific rulings concerning these citizens, which have evolved over time in response to changing political and social contexts. The emergence of modern nation-states has significantly transformed these dynamics, emphasizing individual rights and autonomy. In this new context, some contemporary scholars appear influenced by modern political structures, leading them to reinterpret the traditional rulings concerning non-Muslim minorities. This study aims to critically examine the Shariah rulings regarding non-Muslim citizens as outlined by classical Islamic jurists and to assess these interpretations in light of the Quran and Sunnah. Additionally, it explores the contemporary interpretations of scholars from the South Asian subcontinent and the Middle East. The research employs a qualitative and analytical methodology, addressing several key questions: What are the foundations of Shariah rulings for non-Muslim citizens in Islam? What are the essential rulings regarding non-Muslim citizens? What is the true nature of the Jizya tax? Is the construction of religious places for non-Muslims permissible in an Islamic state? Can non-Muslims hold key governmental positions? What is the legal punishment for non-Muslims accused of blasphemy? Finally, the study investigates the current status of non-Muslim minorities in Islamic states. The analysis compares the views of classical and contemporary scholars, highlighting both convergences and divergences in their interpretations. It is found that modern jurists often differ from classical scholars, particularly in their understanding of the legal status and citizenship rights of non-Muslim minorities. These differences underscore the evolving nature of Islamic jurisprudence in the context of contemporary statehood and citizenship. Keywords: Ahl-Al-Dimma, Non-Muslim Minorities, Non-Muslim Citizens, Shariah Rulings about Non-Muslims,. Interpretations of Rulings of Non-Muslims

Type Thesis/Dissertation MS

Faculty Social Sciences

Department Islamic thought & Culture

Language Urdu

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