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Title نظریہ بیگانگی اور اردو ادب: منتخب اردو ناولوں میں مارکسی نظریہ بیگانگی کا مطالعہ

Author(s) Tamoor Saleem

Abstract The theme of my MPhil thesis is to study the notion of Marxist alienation in literature, its elements and impacts as well. Karl Marx's theory of alienation was first introduced in 1844. In his view, inadequate wages of labor are the sole cause of laborer's alienation, which alienates him in four ways; alienation from labor, yield, society and from human needs. The nature of this is analytical. Alienation is a social problem and has been widely discussed in literature as well. It is an inquiry into the causes and consequences of alienation in Urdu novels. The study also illustrates the forms of alienation in Urdu novel tradition as exists in English novels. This study investigates the various forms of alienation in Urdu novels. It is a genre of literature that portrays the conditions of our society, their constructive factors and their effectiveness. It analyzes the implications of Marxist forms of alienation and how selected authors describe laborer, the product of laborer, and social and cultural alienation. It is a narrative against capitalism, describing education, illness, unemployment, politics, ignorance and selfishness. Fire Area (1994) depicts the exploitation of coal workers and their social alienation. Describing the unemployment, politics, ignorance and selfishness, this evil is a narrative against the capitalism. Jahanumi Log (2001) is a story of the poor condition of day laborers, social degradation, lack of service and helplessness. Khas o Khashaak Zamane (2010) is a representation of various aspects of alienation and dehumanization under historical, political, social, economic, religious and gender narratives and meta-narratives. Neli Bar (2017) shows the exploitation and selfishness of society as a result of the nexus of feudalism, capitalism and religiosity in Pakistani society.

Type Thesis/Dissertation MS

Faculty Languages

Department Urdu

Language Urdu

Publication Date 2023-05-24

Subject Urdu

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