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Title PREDICTING COURIER NODE TRAJECTORY USING CHANNEL CHARACTERIZATION TO IMPROVE NETWORK LIFETIME IN UWSNS

Author(s) Muhammad Ahmed Pervez

Abstract Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) are essential for numerous applications, such as oceanic monitoring and military surveillance which require effective communications. The communication range and network lifetime are the major challenges for UWSNs, particularly due to limitations of acoustic wave-based communication. These limitations include low data rates and high latency and also include vulnerability to temperature and salinity. This research investigates the usability of Electromagnetic (EM) waves in short-range communications, detailing their benefits from higher data rates to lower delays but with limited range compared to acoustics. In response to these challenges, this research develops a comprehensive approach that merges environmental data from the National Centers for Environmental Information dataset, including temperature, salinity, and depth variations recorded between 1955 and 2012. Among others, Helmholtz, Stogryn, and Ellison Models are implemented and used to study the behavior of EM wave propagation in an underwater channel. It also involves the development of a trajectory prediction approach for AUVs or courier nodes towards optimizing the communication range with the least energy consumption. Using the proposed courier node trajectory prediction technique, the network achieved a 98% improvement in Network Lifetime and an 82% increase in successful Packet Delivery. Overall, the approach led to a 50% enhancement in network efficiency, ensuring longer and sustained energy usage throughout the simulation. This research thus proved that EM waves can be used in achieving efficient underwater communication based on accurate trajectory prediction and realistic channel characterization.

Type Thesis/Dissertation MS

Faculty Engineering and Computer Science

Department Computer Science

Language English

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