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Title VERSE AND VISION ACROSS CONTINENTS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF IQBAL AND LUXUN’S POLITICO-LITERARY THOUGHTS 跨越大陆的诗歌与远景：伊克巴尔与鲁迅政治文学思想比较研究

Author(s) Sharmeen Ehtasham

Abstract Abstract This thesis will present a comprehensive comparative study of the politico-literary thoughts of Allama Iqbal and Lu Xun, two influential figures who have left lasting impacts on the realms of literature and politics in their respective regions. By examining the ideologies, literary works, and societal impacts of Iqbal and Lu Xun, this study will aim to shed light on the complex interplay between politics and literature and explore the ways in which their thoughts have shaped the societies and contexts in which they lived. Chapter 1 introduces the background and historical contexts in which both writers emerged. Through a close examination of themes, motifs, and narrative techniques employed by both writers, the study will uncover the ways in which their politico-literary thoughts were articulated and the impact of their works on the wider literary and political landscapes. Chapter 2 introduces the concept of politico-literary thought, analyzing the key works of Lu Xun and Iqbal to understand how both writers infused their literature with political ideology. While Lu Xun’s works reflect his critique of traditional Chinese society and his vision of reform, Iqbal’s writings emphasize the spiritual awakening and political mobilization of Muslims. This chapter highlights both the similarities and differences in their approaches to literature as a tool for political thought. Chapter 3 delves into the origins of Lu Xun’s basic concept of "establishing the people" and Iqbal’s idea of "Khudi" (selfhood). Both concepts are revolutionary in nature but differ in their emphasis: Lu Xun’s focus on societal renewal contrasts with Iqbal’s emphasis on individual empowerment and spiritual awakening. The chapter further explores how their revolutionary thoughts contributed to shaping the collective consciousness of their respective nations. Chapter 4 examines the broader socio-political philosophies of Iqbal and Lu Xun, with particular focus on their views regarding nationalism, democracy, socialism, and imperialism. Iqbal’s evolving ideas on nationalism and his stance against imperialism are compared with Lu Xun’s critique of Chinese nationalism and his vision for a reformed society. This chapter concludes with a comparison of the underlying reasons for both the similarities and differences in their politico-literary ideologies, providing deeper insight into the intersection of literature and political activism in their works. Through its comprehensive comparative analysis, this study will contribute to a deeper understanding of the politico-literary thoughts of Iqbal and Lu Xun and their significance in the realms of literature and politics. The findings will offer insights into the interplay between politics and literature, the diverse cultural contexts in which these thinkers operated, and the enduring impact of their ideas. The study will also identify areas for further research and highlights the importance of preserving and appreciating their intellectual heritage. Keywords: Allama Iqbal, Lu Xun, politico-literary thought, nationalism, khudi, establishing the people, revolution. 摘要本论文将对阿拉玛•伊克巴尔（Allama Iqbal）和鲁迅（Lu Xun）的政治文学思想进行全面的比较研究。这两位影响深远的人物在各自的地区对文学和政治领域产生了持久的影响。通过研究伊克巴尔 (Iqbal) 和鲁迅 (LuXun) 的思想、文学作品及其对社会的影响，本研究旨在揭示政治与文学之间复杂的互动，并探讨他们的思想如何塑造了他们所处的社会与时代背景。第一章介绍了两位作家的背景及其所处的历史环境。通过对两位作家所运用的主题、母题和叙事技巧的深入分析，本研究将揭示他们如何表达政治文学思想，以及他们的作品对更广泛的文学与政治领域的影响。第二章引入了政治文学思想的概念，分析鲁迅和伊克巴尔的代表作，以理解他们如何将政治意识形态融入文学创作中。鲁迅的作品反映了他对中国传统社会的批判以及他的改革愿景，而伊克巴尔的写作则强调穆斯林的精神觉醒与政治动员。该章将重点探讨他们如何将文学作为政治思想工具的相似性和差异。第三章探讨了鲁迅“立人”思想与伊克巴尔“自我”（Khudi）观念的起源。这两个概念都具有革命性，但侧重点不同：鲁迅专注于社会的更新，而伊克巴尔则强调个人的自我赋权与精神觉醒。该章进一步探讨了他们的革命思想如何影响了各自国家的集体意识形态的形成。第四章考察了伊克巴尔和鲁迅的更广泛的社会政治哲学，特别关注他们在民族主义、民主、社会主义和帝国主义问题上的观点。伊克巴尔对民族主义的思想演变及其反帝立场与鲁迅对中国民族主义的批判以及他对社会改革的愿景进行了比较。本章通过对他们政治文学思想中相似性与差异性的根本原因进行对比，提供了更深入的洞见，揭示了他们作品中文学与政治行动主义的交汇点。通过全面的比较分析，本研究将深化对伊克巴尔和鲁迅政治文学思想的理解，并揭示其在文学和政治领域的重要性。研究成果将为政治与文学的相互作用、两位思想家所处的不同文化背景以及他们思想的持久影响提供见解。本研究还将指出未来研究的方向，并强调保护和珍视他们知识遗产的重要性。关键词：阿拉玛•伊克巴尔，鲁迅，政治文学思想，民族主义，自我（Khudi），立人，革命。

Type Thesis/Dissertation

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Department Chinese

Language Chinese

Publication Date 2025-05-29

Subject Chinese Language & Literature

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