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Title An Analysis of (Im)Politeness Strategies Used by Primary School Teachers of English in Punjab

Author(s) Urooj Shafqat

Abstract Politeness needs to be implemented since verbal aggression creates conflict between a teacher and a student. The main objectives of this research study were to identify and analyse the (im) politeness strategies used by Primary School Teachers of English in Punjab. Moreover, the impact of teachers’ verbal aggression on students’ dropout rate was also investigated. This research study will be of great help for teachers who are unaware of verbal aggression and its impacts on students. The nature of the study is both quantitative and qualitative. The sample of the study were 30 English teachers for classroom observation, 10 teachers and 15 dropout students for interviews from the district Rawalpindi, Chakwal and Mianwali, Punjab. For the purpose of data collection, two instruments were used i.e., classroom observation checklist and interviews. Polite and impolite utterances of male and female teachers was presented in the form of frequencies. Further, the collected data was analysed by using discourse analysis method, thematic analysis for teachers’ interviews and descriptive analysis for dropout students’ interviews. Data was analysed in the light of the Brown and Levinson’s (1978) Politeness model and Jonathan Culpeper’s (2005) Impoliteness model. The findings of this study suggested that male and female teachers made 1088 polite utterances and 242 impolite utterances. It was observed that teachers frequently use positive (im) politeness, negative (im) politeness and bald-on record (im) politeness strategies. Minimal use of off-record politeness and with-hold politeness strategy was observed. The interviews of the dropout students revealed many reasons behind their dropout. Teachers’ harsh behaviour was one of the reasons. So, we can assume that rude behaviour of teachers can be one of the causes of students’ dropout from schools. It is concluded that teachers' appreciation, admiration and polite interaction are the most important operative elements in creating the environment conducive to learning. The findings of the research study suggest that, Punjab School Education Department should arrange training for teachers on the awareness about the impact of harsh words on students. For future researchers, it is suggested that same research can be conducted on higher level i.e., elementary, high and higher secondary schools.

Type Other Special Item Type

Faculty Languages

Department English

Language English

Publication Date 2022-06-29

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