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Title Triple Mirror of The Poet: Tracing the Translational Strategies in English Translations of Iqbal’s Shikwa Jawab-E-Shikwa

Author(s) Mr. Nasir Mehmood

Abstract ABSTRACT Title: Triple Mirror of the Poet: Tracing the Translational Strategies in English Translations of Iqbal‘s Shikwa Jawab-e-Shikwa The present study investigates three English translations of Allama Muhammad Iqbal‘s poetry rendered by A.J. Arberry, Khushwanth Singh and Sultan Zahoor Akhtar. The source text (ST) comprises his poems, Shikwa and Jawab-e-Shikwa. The study explores the translational strategies and the lexical and syntactical choices used by the translators in the three translations. Further, it also attempts to uncover as to how far the selected translations retain the content and form of the original poems. The study identifies whether the translators truly understand the meaning of lexical and syntactical elements of the ST, which is then reflected in their translations, or they deviate from the meaning of the original. Keeping in view the research questions that I have formulated, the research method in this research is qualitative in nature. I have used Vinay and Darbelnt‘s model (2004) for examining the translational strategies used by the translators. The characteristic features of these strategies are exhibited in the selection of certain lexemes and phrasemes used by the translators which also impact their translations. After analyzing the translation of the selected stanzas, it has been found that the translators have used a variety of approaches that consequently resulted in different translations, though at some places, the translations also show some similarities. The study concludes with the understanding that verse to verse translation, with absolute perfection is not possible, especially in the present case, where the languages involved are grammatically and culturally different. Moreover, the knowledge of the translator regarding technical aspects of poetry is also significant in transferring the content and form of source text to target text. The study has shown that loss and gain are likely to occur in the process of translation as sometimes the translator has to opt for either preserving the meaning of the original, or maintaining the poetic beauty in the translation. Lastly, the study recommends that the translators should focus on creating a balance in transferring both content and form.

Type Thesis/Dissertation PhD

Faculty Languages

Department English

Language English

Publication Date 2021-02-09

Subject English Linguistics

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